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针对列车车钩承压偏转行为,分析了机车结构参数与车钩转角之间的关系,通过建立由3节新型33t轴重C0-C0轴式重载机车与2组具有钩肩特性、缓冲器迟滞特性的圆销钩缓装置组成的列车动力学模型,研究承压工况下机车结构参数对车钩转角与列车运行性能的影响。计算结果表明:在列车车钩自由转角为8°时,承压时车钩的实际转角达不到8°,此时车钩钩肩不发生作用,稳钩力由机车二系止挡提供,车钩横向力全部传递至轮对,导致机车的轮轴横向力超标;提高二系止挡间隙或降低止挡间距等参数,可以增加车钩的转角,减小车钩横向力,降低轮轴横向力,提高列车的运行安全性;在重载机车车钩选型中,应该考虑机车结构参数与车钩自由转角的匹配关系。
Aiming at the bearing deflection of train coupler, the relationship between locomotive structural parameters and coupler corner is analyzed. By setting up a new three-axle C0-C0 axle heavy-duty locomotive with 33t axle load and two sets of hook-shoulders characteristics, hysteresis characteristics Of the Hook slow device consisting of train dynamics model to study the locomotive structure parameters under pressure conditions on the coupler corner and the train performance. The calculation results show that when the free corner of the train coupler is 8 °, the actual rotation angle of the coupler is less than 8 ° when the bearing pressure is applied. At this moment, the hook shoulder of the coupler does not work, and the stabilizing force is provided by the locomotive second- All of them are transmitted to the wheelset, causing the lateral force of the axle of the locomotive to exceed the standard; increasing the clearance of the second system or reducing the distance between the stops can increase the corner of the coupler, reduce the transverse force of the coupler, reduce the lateral force of the axle, and improve the running safety of the train In the selection of overloaded locomotive coupler, the matching relationship between locomotive structural parameters and coupler free corner should be considered.