论文部分内容阅读
目的探讨湘西南少数民族地区居民生存质量现状,分析其影响因素。方法随机抽取湖南省新宁县少数民族地区482名居民,采用世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表(WHOQOL-BREF)进行问卷调查。结果全部482名居民生存质量得分生理领域(58.42±14.73)分,心理领域(57.37±13.39)分,社会关系领域(60.20±15.05)分,环境领域(52.40±13.92)分;生理、心理、社会关系、环境领域生存质量高文化程度居民高于低文化程度居民(F=23.235、24.222、19.602、16.838,P<0.05),非农业劳动者高于农业劳动者(t=-3.838、-3.723、-3.139、-3.154,P<0.05),高收入居民高于低收入居民(F=15.400、15.953、5.988、18.042,P<0.05),未婚居民高于已婚居民、离婚和丧偶居民(F=15.400、15.953、5.988、18.042,P<0.05),年龄越大,生存质量得分越低(F=31.191、14.614、12.146、11.211,P<0.05);社会关系领域生存质量其他少数民族居民高于瑶族居民和汉族居民(F=4.514,P<0.05);不同性别居民生存质量得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示年龄、民族、文化程度是少数民族地区居民生存质量自我综合评分的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论湘西南少数民族地区居民生存质量的影响因素主要有文化程度、民族、收入水平等。应从教育、民族交流、经济发展等方面提高少数民族居民的生存质量。
Objective To explore the status quo of residents’ quality of life in southwestern Hunan minority areas and analyze the influencing factors. Methods 482 residents were randomly selected from Xinning County of Hunan Province for the questionnaire survey using WHOQOL-BREF. Results All 482 residents had scores of 58.42 ± 14.73, 57.37 ± 13.39, 60.20 ± 15.05, and 52.40 ± 13.92 in the field of social environment, respectively. Physiology, psychology and society (F = 23.235,24.222,19.602,16.838, P <0.05), non-agricultural workers were higher than those of agricultural workers (t = -3.838, -3.723, (F = 15.400, 15.953, 5.988, 18.042, P <0.05). The number of unmarried residents was higher than that of married residents, divorced and widowed residents (F = (F = 31.191, 14.614, 12.146, 11.211, P <0.05). The quality of life of other ethnic minority residents in the social relations area was higher than that of the Yao nationality Residents and Han residents (F = 4.514, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the quality of life between different sexes (P> 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age, ethnicity and educational level were the influential factors of self-comprehensive scores of residents’ quality of life in ethnic minority areas (P <0.05). Conclusions The main influencing factors of the quality of life of residents in the southwestern Hunan minority areas are education, ethnicity and income level. The quality of life of ethnic minority residents should be improved from the aspects of education, ethnic exchanges and economic development.