目的了解大理市城乡结合部居民对糖尿病的认知情况,为糖尿病的宣传教育、预防控制提供科学依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,在大理市有代表的2个社区对602名年龄在20~岁的居民进行问卷调查。结果共发放调查问卷602份,实际有效问卷588份,有效率为97.7%;居民糖尿病知识知晓率较低,只有40.1%;对糖尿病危险因素的知晓率男性比女性高,差异有统计学意义(P=0.001);各年龄段人群对糖尿病知识知晓率,并发症和危险因素两项差异有统计学意义,知晓率最高的均为40~岁年龄组,最低的为≥60岁年龄组;随着文化程度的升高,各项知识的知晓率提高,大专及以上的知晓率最高,小学及以下的知晓率最低,差异有统计学意义。结论大理市城乡结合部居民对糖尿病的相关知识认知不足,不利于开展糖尿病防治工作,应加强居民的健康教育提高认知率。 Objective To understand the residents’ cognition of diabetes in the urban-rural area of ​​Dali City and provide a scientific basis for the publicity, education and prevention and control of diabetes mellitus. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to survey 602 residents aged 20 ~ 2 in two communities in Dali City. Results A total of 602 questionnaires were sent out and 588 practical questionnaires were available, with an effective rate of 97.7%. The awareness rate of residents with diabetes was relatively low, only 40.1%. The awareness rates of risk factors for diabetes in men were higher than those in women, with significant differences P = 0.001). There were significant differences in the rate of awareness of diabetes, complication and risk factors in all age groups, with the highest awareness rates of 40 to 40 years of age and the lowest of 60 years of age. With the increase of education level, the awareness rate of all kinds of knowledge increased, while that of college and above reached the highest level, with the lowest awareness rate of primary school and below, with statistically significant differences. Conclusion Dali urban and rural areas residents do not understand the relevant knowledge of diabetes is not conducive to the prevention and treatment of diabetes should be to enhance residents’ health education to improve cognitive rate.