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目的:调查新疆地区维吾尔族与汉族子宫颈癌及癌前病变发病情况,分析宫颈癌高发原因。方法:2000年1月至2005年12月新疆自治区人民医院妇产科门诊及病房行宫颈细胞学检查的维吾尔族、汉族妇女进行筛查,对宫颈病变阳性者(CINI以上)行病理组织学检查,对结果进行对比分析、综合评价。结果:宫颈涂片人数共计23205例,其中维吾尔族6999例、汉族16206例。宫颈病变阳性者237例,经阴道镜下病理活组织检查证实CINI以上(包括CINI、CINII、CINIII、原位癌、鳞癌、腺癌)病变人数173例,最小年龄31岁,原位癌(维吾尔族)、最大年龄76岁,宫颈磷癌(汉族)。维吾尔族105例(60.69%)、汉族68例(39.31%)。每年阳性例数中维吾尔族均高于汉族,其中2000年、2001年、2004年、2005年有极显著性差异(P<0.01),2002年、2003年有显著性差异(P<0.05),维吾尔族、汉族在各年龄组中的发病情况无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:新疆地区宫颈癌及癌前病变的高发原因是由地区环境、医疗条件、医学发展、救助措施等因素综合作用的结果。
Objective: To investigate the incidence of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions among Uygur and Han nationalities in Xinjiang and analyze the causes of the high incidence of cervical cancer. Methods: Uygur and Han women from Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic of the People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2000 to December 2005 were screened for cervical cytology, pathological examination was performed on those with positive cervical lesions (above CINI) , Comparative analysis of the results, comprehensive evaluation. Results: The total number of cervical smears was 23,205, among which 6999 were Uighurs and 16,206 Han people. Cervical lesions were positive in 237 cases, the pathological biopsy by colposcopy confirmed CINI (including CINI, CINII, CINIII, in situ carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma) lesions in 173 cases, the minimum age of 31 years old, carcinoma in situ Uygur), the oldest 76 years old, cervical cancer (Han). 105 cases of Uygur (60.69%), 68 cases of Han (39.31%). The number of positive Uighur cases per year was higher than that of Han nationality, with significant difference (P <0.01) in 2000, 2001, 2004 and 2005 (P <0.05) There was no significant difference in the incidence of Uygur and Han among all age groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The high incidence of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions in Xinjiang is the result of the combination of regional environment, medical conditions, medical development and rescue measures.