论文部分内容阅读
工业电炉是工业上用于热处理、加热和熔炼(保温和精炼)的主要设备,广泛应用于机械、冶金、轻工、化工、建材、国防等工业部门。工业电炉又是主要的耗电设备之一。据统计,至一九八一年年底,机械工业共生产了电炉二十多万台。其中,工业电炉占35%,实验室电炉占65%。加上各有关部门自制的电炉,全国电炉设备的总容量约为2000万千瓦左右,每年耗电量在200亿度以上,约占全国发电量的8%左右。我国工业电炉的性能指标和国外先进产品相比,存在着相当大的差距,例如:国产35千瓦,950℃箱式电阻炉的空炉损耗功率约为7千瓦,比国外先进产品空炉损耗5千瓦大40%;国产5千瓦的1200℃实验室电阻炉,空炉损耗功率为2.4千瓦,
Industrial electric furnace is the main equipment for industrial heat treatment, heating and melting (insulation and refining), widely used in machinery, metallurgy, light industry, chemical industry, building materials, national defense and other industrial sectors. Industrial electric furnace is one of the main power-consuming equipments. According to statistics, by the end of 1981, the machinery industry produced a total of more than 200,000 electric furnaces. Among them, industrial electric furnaces accounted for 35%, and laboratory electric furnaces accounted for 65%. Together with the electric stoves made by various relevant departments, the total capacity of electric furnace equipment in the country is about 20 million kilowatts, and the annual power consumption is more than 20 billion kilowatt-hours, which accounts for about 8% of the nation’s electricity generation. There are considerable gaps between the performance indicators of China’s industrial electric furnaces and foreign advanced products, such as: domestic 35 kilowatts, 950 °C box type resistance furnace air furnace power loss is about 7 kilowatts, compared to foreign advanced product air furnace losses 5 40% of kilowatts; domestic 5-kilowatt laboratory resistance furnace at 1200°C, with a power loss of 2.4 kW.