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基于光周期理论难以圆满解释晴天早晨、阴天和高湿条件利于美洲斑潜蝇(Liriomyza sativae)老熟幼虫离叶的现象,于2007～2009年在不同光暗处理、不同空气湿度和不同叶片生理状态下研究了该蝇老熟幼虫的离叶动态.在持续光照、持续黑暗和光暗交替的处理中,老熟幼虫的离叶时间都集中在6～14点,离叶时间与光照无密切关系.晴天老熟幼虫的离叶时间主要在早晨,阴天几乎整个白昼幼虫都可离叶.幼虫离叶的速度和数量随相对湿度的增高而上升.在晴、阴天,幼虫离叶率与相对湿度(r晴天=0.33,r阴天=0.54)、叶片蒸腾速率Tr(r晴天=-1.0,r阴天=-0.58)和叶片胞间CO2浓度Ci(r晴天=1.0,r阴天=0.37)的变化存在一定的相关性.晴天叶片的含水率以早晨6～10点最高(含水率>64%),阴天6～18点叶片的含水率一直保持在较高的水平(含水率>67%).晴、阴天老熟幼虫离叶的持续时间与叶片较高含水量的持续时间相吻合.因此认为,幼虫的离叶时间与植物叶片生理有密切的关系.叶片Tr低,Ci和含水率高,叶肉组织膨胀,利于幼虫离叶.空气湿度是影响幼虫离叶的重要气象因子.
Based on the theory of photoperiod, it is difficult to explain the phenomenon of clear leaves in sunny morning, cloudy and high humidity conditions for mature larvae of Liriomyza sativae in different light and dark treatments, different air humidity and different leaves Physiological state of the larvae of the larvae of the fly leaves dynamics in the continuous light, continuous dark and light dark alternate treatment, the larvae of mature larvae are concentrated at 6 to 14 points, leaf time and light are not closely related The larvae of the mature larvae in sunny days were mostly in the morning and in the cloudy day, the larvae could leave the leaves in almost the whole daytime.The speed and number of larvae in the leaves increased with the increase of the relative humidity.In the clear and cloudy days, (R sunny day = 0.33, r cloudy day = 0.54), leaf transpiration rate Tr (r sunny day = -1.0, r cloudy day = -0.58) and intercellular CO2 concentration Ci = 0.37) .The water content of sunny days was the highest at 6-10 in the morning (water content> 64%), the water content of the leaves at 6-18 days on cloudy days was kept at a high level Rate> 67%). Clear and cloudy larvae larvae leaves the duration of the leaves with higher water content So the larvae leaf leave time and plant leaf physiology are closely related to the leaf Tr low, Ci and moisture content, leaf tissue expansion, conducive to the larvae from the leaves. Air humidity is the impact of larval leaves important Meteorological factor.