排放权交易旨在通过污染物排放权的分配和交易来建立排污控制的市场体系,它的理论基础源于公共物品理论、外部性理论。本文从公共物品理论的角度,分析了碳排放的外部性及碳排放权的提供方式,认为有偿分配会最终代替现行的碳排放权无偿分配的提供方式。 The purpose of emissions trading is to establish a market system for sewage disposal through the distribution and trading of pollutant emission rights. Its theoretical basis is derived from public goods theory and externality theory. From the perspective of public goods theory, this paper analyzes the externality of carbon emissions and the way of providing carbon emission rights, and considers that the distribution of compensation will eventually replace the existing provision of free distribution of carbon rights.