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近年来,纳洛酮(Naloxone)被用于急性乙醇中毒的抢救。张石革通过动物实验,观察到急性乙醇中毒后的动物在静注纳洛酮后,体征、心电及呼吸的改变在1~10min内迅速恢复正常,与对照组有显著差异,呈现明显的抗乙醇中毒作用。纳洛酮皮下、肌内、静脉、气管内给药均可采用。口服给药为肠外给药吸收率的1/50,效果较差。静脉和气管内给药1~3min起效,肌内和皮下注射5min起效。通过血脑屏障的速度为吗啡的12倍,因而能迅速解除乙醇中毒的中枢症状。
In recent years, Naloxone has been used for the rescue of acute alcoholism. Zhang Shuguang through animal experiments, observed after acute ethanol poisoning animals intravenous naloxone, signs, ECG and respiratory changes quickly returned to normal within 1 ~ 10min, significant difference with the control group, showing significant anti-ethanol Poisoning effect. Naloxone subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, tracheal administration can be used. Oral administration of parenteral administration rate of 1/50, less effective. Intravenous and intratracheal administration of 1 ~ 3min onset, intramuscular and subcutaneous injection of 5min onset. The blood-brain barrier is 12 times as fast as morphine, so it can quickly relieve the central symptoms of ethanol poisoning.