一 何谓“寓言”?据《辞源》的解释,为“有所寄托或比喻之言。”美国学者阿勃拉姆斯的解释是:“它们讲述一系列前后连贯的事情还表明了另外一系列相关意思。”‘寓言’既是一种文学文类,又是用以概括一种特定的表意方式的概念。对于“第三世界文化”中“寓言”的作用和功能,杰姆逊在他的著名论文《处于跨国资本主义时代的第三世界文学》中指出:“第三世界的本文,甚至那些看起来好像是关于个人和利比多趋力的本文,总是以‘民族寓言’的形式来投射一种政治:关于个人命运的故事包含着第三世界的大众文化的社会受到冲击的寓言”。按照杰姆逊的阐发,“民族寓言”既是第三世界知识分子从事文化工作的自觉的选择,又是全球性第一世界/第三世界文化关系中第三世界本文被读解和阐释的结果。“民族寓言”式的表意方式是在“现代性”的话语中的第三世界文化的宿命。“民族寓言”标志着经历了资本主义全球体系建立的第三世界知识分子面对“现代性”的巨大的焦虑,意味着他们接受了一种西方式的“视点”,以西方式的价值与“知识”对自身进行审视,它把第三世界 What is “allegory?” According to “Ci Yuan”, it is interpreted as “a matter of sustenance or metaphor.” The explanation by American scholar Abrams is: “They tell a series of coherent things and show another series Relevant meaning. ”“ Fables ”is both a literary genre and a concept that summarizes a particular way of expressing ideas. Jameson pointed out in his famous essay, “The Third World Literature in the Age of Transnational Capitalism,” of the role and function of “parable” in Third World Culture: “Third World texts, even those that appear to Seems to be an article about personal and libidinal tendencies, always projecting a politics in the form of ’national parable’: a story about the fate of an individual contains the allegory that the mass culture of the third world has been hit. According to Jameson’s analysis, the ”national parable“ is not only the conscious choice of third-world intellectuals engaged in cultural work, but also the result of being read and interpreted by the Third World in the global first-world / third-world cultural relations . The ”national allegory“ type of expression is the fate of the third world culture in the discourse of ”modernity.“ The ”national parable“ symbolizes the tremendous anxiety faced by the ”third world intellectuals facing the“ modernity ”after the establishment of the capitalist global system, which means that they have accepted a western-style“ viewpoint ”that uses Western values ​​and“ Knowledge ”examines itself and puts the third world