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目的分析湖北省血吸虫病国家监测点疫情流行趋势,为全省血吸虫病防治工作提供科学依据。方法根据《全国血吸虫病监测方案》,对湖北省16个国家监测点开展血吸虫病疫情纵向观察,并对监测数据采用统计软件进行分析和疫情评估。结果 2005-2010年,16个监测点居民血检阳性率、粪检阳性率和血吸虫感染率总体呈下降趋势,分别由2005年的15.67%、10.93%和1.71%下降到2010年的10.48%、8.54%和0.90%,下降率分别为33.12%、22.70%和47.95%;男性血吸虫感染率均高于女性;居民血吸虫感染高峰主要在30岁以上人群,渔民血吸虫感染率较高,学生感染率较低。耕牛血吸虫感染率也呈下降趋势,由2005年11.69%下降到2010年的1.41%,下降了88.01%(χ2=298.79,P<0.001)。6年间,监测点感染性钉螺面积、活螺平均密度、钉螺感染率和感染性钉螺平均密度均呈下降趋势,分别下降了90.88%、61.66%、80.00%和92.00%。结论湖北省国家监测点血吸虫病疫情总体呈逐年下降趋势,但防治任务仍然十分艰巨。
Objective To analyze the epidemic trend of schistosomiasis surveillance points in Hubei Province and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of schistosomiasis in the province. Methods According to the “National Schistosomiasis Surveillance Program”, the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in 16 national surveillance sites in Hubei Province was observed longitudinally, and the monitoring data were analyzed by using statistical software and the epidemic situation was evaluated. Results From 2005 to 2010, the positive rate of blood tests, the positive rate of fecal examination and the rate of schistosomiasis among residents at 16 monitoring points decreased from 15.67%, 10.93% and 1.71% in 2005 to 10.48% in 2010 respectively, 8.54% and 0.90%, respectively. The decreasing rates were 33.12%, 22.70% and 47.95% respectively. The infection rate of schistosomiasis was higher in males than in females. The peak of resident schistosomiasis was mainly in those over 30 years old. low. Cattle schistosome infection rate also showed a downward trend, from 11.69% in 2005 decreased to 1.41% in 2010, down 88.01% (χ2 = 298.79, P <0.001). The area of infectious snails, the average density of live snails, the infection rate of snails and the average density of infected snails all decreased with the decrease of 90.88%, 61.66%, 80.00% and 92.00% respectively over the 6 years. Conclusion The overall epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in national monitoring sites in Hubei Province shows a declining trend year by year, but the prevention and treatment tasks are still very arduous.