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目的研究先天性肛门直肠畸形(ARMs)胎鼠小肠、结肠和直肠骨形成蛋白4(BMP4)的表达情况,并探讨其在自身肠神经系统(ENS)发育过程中的作用。方法利用全反式维甲酸(ARTA)诱导大鼠产生肛门直肠畸形胚胎,孕20d剖宫取胎,选取对照组正常胎鼠12只,实验组ARMs胎鼠24只,在大体显微镜下解剖整个肠管,选取距盲肠10cm处小肠,距盲肠3cm处结肠,距肛门0.5cm处直肠各一段,应用SP免疫组化方法检测对照组和实验组小肠、结肠和直肠BMP4的表达情况。结果对照组肠壁肌间及粘膜下神经丛可见BMP4抗体染色阳性细胞,实验组胎鼠小肠阳性细胞的MOD值与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而实验组胎鼠直肠、结肠的阳性细胞的MOD值与对照组相比明显减小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论ARMs胎鼠结肠、直肠BMP4表达水平减低,可能与其远端肠管ENS发育不良有关。
Objective To study the expression of small intestinal, colonic and rectal bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) in congenital anorectal malformation (ARMs) fetuses and to explore their role in the development of the enteral neurogenesis (ENS). Methods ARTA was used to induce the anorectal malformation embryos in rats and fetus was fetched 20 days after pregnancy. Twelve fetuses in normal control group and 24 fetuses in experimental group were selected and the whole intestine was dissected under general microscope , Selected from the cecum 10cm at the small intestine, 3cm away from the cecum colon, 0.5cm from the anus at the rectum each segment, SP immunohistochemical method was used to detect the control group and the experimental group of small intestine, colon and rectum BMP4 expression. RESULTS: BMP4 antibody-positive cells were observed in the intestinal mucosa and submucosal plexus of the control group. There was no significant difference in the MOD values of the small intestine positive cells in the experimental group compared with the control group (P> 0.05) The MOD values of murine rectum and colonic positive cells were significantly lower than those of control group (P <0.05). Conclusion The decreased expression of BMP4 in the colon and rectum of the fetus of ARMs may be related to the dysplasia of ENS in the distal intestine.