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目的调查镇江市区居民高血压患病危险因素和血压控制现状。方法采用横断面调查方法于2016年7-10月调查镇江市区18岁以上常住居民共3 138人,其中高血压患者2 085例。对所有研究对象进行高血压相关问卷调查及体格检查,应用多因素Logistic回归法分析高血压患病危险因素,并调查高血压患者服药情况和控制率。结果多因素Logistic回归分析显示,高血压患病危险因素有:高血压家族史、糖耐量受损、血脂异常、高盐饮食、饮酒、年龄、腰围和体重(OR值依次为2.911、2.199、1.737、1.401、1.223、1.052、1.030和1.021),有氧运动OR值0.673。服用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂或血管紧张素受体拮抗剂(A)占21.75%、钙离子拮抗剂(C)占19.78%、利尿剂(D)占0.71%,A+C占13.55%,A+C+D占1.81%,其他占22.83%。高血压总体控制率为50.89%,其中以30-39岁和大专及以上文化人群血压控制率最高。结论高血压家族史和糖耐量受损是镇江市居民高血压患病最主要的危险因素,有氧运动为保护因素。镇江市区高血压人群血压控制率在不同年龄及文化程度存在差异。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension risk factors and blood pressure control in residents of Zhenjiang City. Methods A total of 3 138 permanent residents over the age of 18 in Zhenjiang urban area were investigated by cross-sectional survey from July to October in 2016, of which 2085 were hypertensive patients. Hypertension-related questionnaires and physical examinations were performed on all subjects. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the prevalence of hypertension and the prevalence of hypertension and control. Results Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of hypertension were as follows: family history of hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, high salt diet, alcohol consumption, age, waist circumference and body weight (OR = 2.911,2.199,1.737 , 1.401,1.223,1.052,1.030 and 1.021), OR of aerobic exercise was 0.673. 21.75% were taken with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (A), 19.78% with calcium antagonists (C), 0.71% with diuretics (D), 13.55% with A + C, A + C + D accounted for 1.81%, others accounted for 22.83%. The overall rate of hypertension control was 50.89%, of which 30-39 years of age and tertiary education and above the highest blood pressure control rate. Conclusion The family history of hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance are the most important risk factors of hypertension in Zhenjiang residents. Aerobic exercise is the protective factor. Blood pressure control rates in urban areas of Zhenjiang have differences in different age and educational level.