今年年初,我国由若干大学组成的欧洲教育考察团,在德国汉堡大学与该校拜绪勒等教授进行了有关“高考”问题的讨论。德国没有像我国这样的国家统一招生考试,只有“资格入学”制度,但我使用这个词是为了示喻德国的高中毕业考试乃至更早的分流教育在本质上也蕴含着刚性的选拔职能。德国的教育行政与其国体制度相似,采用“联邦制”,即国家依据“基本法”对各州的教育进行宏观控制,而各州在办学结构、规模、学制以及大学招生等重大制度上均有“自治”的立法权。因此,高中毕业生 At the beginning of this year, the European education delegation formed by several universities in China conducted a discussion on the issue of “college entrance examination” with the professors of the University of Hamburg and Germany. Germany does not have a national enrollment examination like ours. It only has a “qualified enrollment” system, but I use this term to show that Germany’s high school graduation exams and even earlier diversion education also have a rigid selection function. Germany’s education administration is similar to its state system, adopting the “federal system”, that is, the state controls the education of the states according to the “Basic Law.” Each state has “autonomy” in terms of its structure, scale, school system, and university admissions system. The legislative power. Therefore, high school graduates