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金属防腐对电工产品具有重要意义,特别是在大气腐蚀条件严酷的地区尤为重要。 金属在大气中使用时,都要产生腐蚀,其腐蚀速度除和金属材料本身的抗蚀性有关外,还和大气环境条件特别是大气的污染程度、相对湿度、凝露、温度等关系极大。盐份被认为是加速腐蚀的重要污染因素之一。青藏高原盐湖很多。修建青藏铁路要横垮32公里的察尔汉盐湖和辽阔的超盐渍土地带,这些地区风大,接近地面的大气必然被盐粉或超盐渍土灰尘所污染。为了了解在该地区大气中金属的腐蚀情况和设备的可靠性,我们曾三次到察尔汉盐湖地区进行现场试验和调查。从现场调查来看:铝架空导线三年未发生明显的腐蚀,大气中的钢铁件腐蚀也没有湿热带严重;铁道部1966年在盐湖试验路基上试铺的钢筋混凝土轨枕及相应的扣件、铁轨暴露在大气中,不和盐壳直接接触,九年仍然完整无损。
Metal corrosion is of great importance for electrical products, especially in areas with harsh atmospheric conditions. Metal used in the atmosphere, have to produce corrosion, the corrosion rate in addition to the corrosion resistance of the metal material itself, but also with atmospheric conditions, especially the degree of pollution of the atmosphere, relative humidity, condensation, temperature, etc. . Salts are considered one of the major pollution contributors to accelerated corrosion. There are many salt lakes in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway will collapse 32 kilometers of Chalhan salt lake and vast salinization areas where the windy and near-surface atmosphere is bound to be contaminated with salt dust or ultra-saline soil dust. In order to understand the metal corrosion in the atmosphere in the region and the reliability of the equipment, we conducted field tests and investigations three times in the Salt Lake area. From the point of view of the field survey, there was no obvious corrosion of aluminum overhead wire for three years and the corrosion of the steel parts in the atmosphere was not severe in the humid and tropical areas. The railway sleeper of the reinforced concrete sleepers and corresponding fasteners on the Yanhu pilot roadbed in 1966, The rails were exposed to the atmosphere without direct contact with the salt hulls and remained intact for nine years.