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目的探讨穿孔素（ＰＦＰ）和Ｆａｓ配体（Ｌ）介导的细胞毒作用在病毒性心肌炎发病中的作用。方法将４０只ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠随机等分为实验组和对照组，分别用柯萨奇Ｂ３病毒（ＣＶＢ３）及不含病毒的病毒稀释液经腹腔接种，于接种后７天处死，取其心脏。应用免疫组化、逆转录－多聚酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）和原位杂交等方法，检测细胞介导的细胞毒作用的主要效应分子ＰＦＰ和ＦａｓＬ在心肌浸润细胞中的表达。结果（１）实验组小鼠的心肌组织中均有ＰＦＰ和ＦａｓＬ抗原阳性细胞浸润，对照组则无；（２）ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测发现实验组鼠的心肌组织中ＰＦＰ和ＦａｓＬｍＲＮＡ的阳性率均为１００％，明显高于对照组的２０％和３０％（Ｐ均＜０．０１）；（３）原位杂交检查显示，实验组小鼠心肌组织中均可见ＰＦＰ和ＦａｓＬｍＲＮＡ阳性的浸润细胞，而对照组则均未发现。结论ＣＶＢ３小鼠心肌炎急性期，其心肌浸润细胞中有ＰＦＰ和ＦａｓＬ表达，提示它们在病毒性心肌炎发病机制中可能有重要作用
Objective To investigate the role of perforin (PFP) and Fas ligand (L) -mediated cytotoxicity in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis. Methods Forty BALB / c mice were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with Coxsackie B3 virus (CVB3) and virus-free virus dilution, and sacrificed 7 days after inoculation heart. Immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ hybridization were used to detect the expression of major effector molecules PFP and FasL induced by cell-mediated cytotoxicity in myocardial infiltrating cells. Results (1) PFP and FasL positive cells were infiltrated in the myocardium of the mice in the experimental group, but not in the control group. (2) The positive rate of PFP and FasL mRNA in the myocardium of the experimental group was (P <0.01). (3) In situ hybridization showed that PFP and FasL mRNA positive infiltrating cells were all seen in the myocardium of experimental mice The control group were not found. Conclusions The expression of PFP and FasL in myocardial infiltrating cells of CVB3 mouse myocarditis in the acute phase suggests that they may play an important role in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis