意识形态问题最早由马克思和恩格斯进行认真研究并作了集中论述。马克思主义认为意识形态是社会存在的反映,是代表统治阶级根本利益的观念和价值体系。无产阶级与资产阶级的意识形态虽然其中有一定的继承关系,但从根本上讲是对立的。意识形态理论的出现是从属于阶级斗争的。在社会发展的现阶段,意识形态没有终结,也不可能被取消。 The earliest ideological problems were carefully studied and focused by Marx and Engels. Marxism holds that ideology is a reflection of social existence and a concept and value system that represents the fundamental interests of the ruling class. The ideology of the proletariat and the bourgeoisie is fundamentally antithetical though it has some inheritance. The emergence of ideological theory is subordinate to class struggle. At the present stage of social development, ideology has not ended and can not be canceled.