直立性震颤是一种少见的运动障碍性疾病，特征是站立时不稳，坐位或行走时可缓解，神经电生理显示患者站立时腿部及躯干存在13~18 Hz的快速震颤。目前国内关于直立性震颤的研究报道较少，多数临床医生缺乏对该病的认识而易造成误诊。因此，笔者现对直立性震颤的临床特征、病理生理学、鉴别诊断及治疗等方面的近年来研究进展予以综述，以期提高临床医生对该病的认识。“,”Orthostatic tremor is a rare movement disorder. It is characterized by unsteadiness when standing and it can be relieved when sitting or walking. It is confirmed on neurophysiological recording by the presence of a fast tremor of 13-18 Hz in the legs and trunk. Due to a small number of cases reported, most clinicians lack of understanding of the disease, resulting in misdiagnosis. This review summarizes the clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, differential diagnoses, and treatment strategies of orthostatic tremor to improve the understanding of the disease among clinicians.