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目的分析精神科病房医院感染现状,探讨其防范措施。方法回顾性分析2013年1月-2015年12月医院精神科病房住院治疗2 071例患者的临床病例资料,记录和分析患者临床资料、所住病区、住院天数,参照医院感染病例登记卡内容分析符合医院感染诊断标准的患者病例资料。结果 2 071例精神科病房住院患者感染发生率为4.10%。女性患者发生医院感染的概率比男性患者高;开放病区内患者发生概率相对低于封闭病房内患者;住院时间<30d患者发生率比住院时间≥30d患者高,上述之间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。医院感染患者其感染部位主要为呼吸道感染、胃肠道感染以及泌尿系统感染;医院感染发生时间以2~4月份为主;85例患者共分离出122株病原菌,其中以革兰阴性菌为主,占62.3%。结论精神科病房内医院感染依旧不容乐观,精神科医院感染的有关管理工作难度较大,针对精神科病房医院感染发生的原因采取防控措施有助于减少医院内感染的发生。
Objective To analyze the current status of nosocomial infection in psychiatric wards and to explore its preventive measures. Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 2,071 patients hospitalized in psychiatric ward from January 2013 to December 2015 was conducted. The clinical data of patients admitted, the ward occupied, the days of hospitalization and the registration card of hospital infection were recorded and analyzed Analysis of patients with hospital infection diagnostic criteria of patient data. Results The incidence of inpatients in 2 071 psychiatric wards was 4.10%. The incidence of nosocomial infections in female patients was higher than that in male patients. The incidence of patients in open ward was lower than that in closed wards. The incidence of hospitalization <30 days was higher than that of patients with hospitalization ≥30 days. There was statistically significant difference among the above Significance (P <0.05). Nosocomial infections were mainly respiratory tract infection, gastrointestinal tract infection and urinary tract infection. The time of nosocomial infection was mainly from February to April. A total of 122 pathogens were isolated from 85 patients, of which Gram-negative bacteria were the major , Accounting for 62.3%. Conclusions Hospital infection in psychiatric ward is still not optimistic. It is more difficult to manage the infection in psychiatric hospital. Taking prevention and control measures against the causes of hospital infection in psychiatric ward can help to reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infection.