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１９２８年南京国民政府设立了监察院,建立了较为完备的监察制度,并积极使之付诸实施。监察制度在一定程度有效地遏制了政府官员的违法违纪行为。但是,由于自身的缺欠,加之实施范围极为有限,在国民党一党专政体制下,监察制度不可能彻底遏制政府官员的腐败。国民党政府不仅没有努力推进监察制度的现代化进程,反而利用独裁专制制约了其正常的运行,使之无法履行职责,日渐衰败,名存实亡。本文试图就南京国民政府时期的监察制度作一初步的评析。
In 1928, the Nanjing National Government established the Supervision Office and established a relatively complete supervision system, which it actively implemented. To a certain extent, the supervisory system has checked the illegal behavior of government officials. However, due to its own shortcomings and the extremely limited implementation scope, the supervisory system under the one-party dictatorship of the Kuomintang can not completely deter corruption of government officials. Instead of making any efforts to promote the modernization of the supervisory system, the Kuomintang government has used its dictatorship to restrict its normal operation, prevented it from performing its duties, and has been declining and losing its presence in real earnest. This article attempts to make a preliminary assessment on the supervisory system of Nanjing National Government.