目的探讨外科危重病患者获得性真菌败血症的早期诊断和治疗。方法回顾性分析21例获得性真菌败血症的外科危重病患者的临床资料。结果血培养主要为酵母菌属,其中以非白色酵母菌为主。21例患者中,治愈13例,死亡8例。结论真菌败血症是医院获得性疾病,其死亡率很高。早期诊断是治疗成功,减少死亡率的关键。早期经验性抗真菌治疗有望改善患者预后。 Objective To investigate the early diagnosis and treatment of acquired fungal septicemia in critically ill surgical patients. Methods The clinical data of 21 critically ill patients with acquired fungal sepsis were retrospectively analyzed. Results Blood culture was mainly Saccharomyces, among which non-white yeasts were the major ones. Of 21 patients, 13 were cured and 8 died. Conclusion Fungal sepsis is a hospital-acquired disease with a high mortality rate. Early diagnosis is the key to successful treatment and reduction of mortality. Early empirical antifungal therapy is expected to improve patient outcomes.