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国家认同与民族认同关系的研究一直受到广泛关注,观点各不相同。本研究基于对南疆莎车县维吾尔族村落的实地调查,细致梳理了当地村民的民族认同和国家认同现状,以及他们对两者关系的认知,最终得出结论:当地人的国家意识受两个重要因素的影响,一个是国家的宣传和教育,另一个是人们在日常生活中感受到的国家政策。在民族区域自治政策的基本框架下,无论是宣传教育,还是落实国家政策,都充分考虑到当地人的民族身份。当地人在接受这些政策措施的过程中会增强自身的民族认同感,但这并不意味着一定会弱化国家认同。因为民族区域自治制度的具体措施本身就体现了国家意志,所以当地人民族认同感的加强,实际上是对国家认同增强的体现。多民族国家的国家认同建构于人们对于自身民族认同的基础之上,二者并不冲突。
The research on the relationship between national identity and national identity has been widely concerned, with different perspectives. Based on the field investigation of the Uyghur villages in Shache County in southern Xinjiang, this study carefully sorts out the local identity of the local villagers and the status quo of national identity and their cognition of the relationship between the two. Finally, the conclusion is drawn that the awareness of local people Two important factors, one is the country’s propaganda and education, and the other is the national policy people feel in their daily life. Under the basic framework of the policy of regional autonomy for ethnic minorities, both the publicity and education and the implementation of national policies fully take into account the ethnic identity of local people. The locals in the process of accepting these policies and measures will enhance their own national identity, but this does not mean that we will certainly weaken the national identity. Because the specific measures of the system of regional ethnic autonomy embody the will of the country itself, strengthening the ethnic identity of local people is actually an embodiment of the enhancement of national identity. The national identity of the multi-ethnic country is based on the foundation of people’s own national identity, and the two do not conflict.