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[目的]从区域的角度来探讨森林火灾与气温和降水的关系。[方法]首先通过耦合站点气象数据、我国森林分布数据以及我国森林火灾季节月份分布数据,获得了气温和降水在每个省森林区域火灾季节时间段内的平均值。然后,通过时间序列分析、相关性分析等方法探讨降水、气温与森林火灾面积的关系。[结果]降水和气温的变化能够较好地反映火灾面积的年际变化。降水减少的同时温度升高以及降水升高的同时温度降低与火灾面积的增、减存在的较好的同步关系,且在不同地区、不同时间这种伴随关系有差异。对不同地区森林区域平均气温、降水与火灾面积的相关性分析发现,大多数地区森林火灾面积与气温具有较好的正相关关系,例如西北地区(R=0.367,P=0.01)、西南地区(R=0.327,P=0.02)、华南地区(R=0.330,P=0.02)、华东地区(R=0.516,P<0.01)、新疆地区(R=0.447,P=0.042)都表现出显著的正相关关系;而降水与火灾面积除了在西北地区存在正相关关系(R=0.482,P<0.01)、在华南地区存在负相关(R=-0.323,P=0.03)之外,在其他地区不存在显著相关关系。[结论]揭示我国森林火灾与气温、降水关系对于开展森林防火以及火灾预警都具有重要意义。
[Objective] To explore the relationship between forest fires and temperature and precipitation from a regional perspective. [Method] Firstly, the mean value of temperature and precipitation in the seasonal season of fire in each forest area was obtained by coupling the site meteorological data, the forest distribution data in China and the monthly distribution data of forest fires in China. Then, through time series analysis, correlation analysis and other methods to explore the relationship between precipitation, temperature and forest fire area. [Result] The change of precipitation and temperature could well reflect the interannual change of fire area. Precipitation decreased while the temperature increases and precipitation increases, while the temperature decreases and the fire area increases and decreases exist better synchronization relationship, and in different regions and at different times with the accompanying differences. Correlation analysis of mean temperature, precipitation and fire area in different regions of China found that there was a positive correlation between forest fire area and temperature in most regions, such as Northwest (R = 0.367, P = 0.01), Southwest ( R = 0.327, P = 0.02). In the South China region (R = 0.330, P = 0.02), East China (R = 0.516, P <0.01) and Xinjiang (R = 0.447, P = 0.042) (R = 0.482, P <0.01), but there was a negative correlation between precipitation and fire area in South China (R = -0.323, P = 0.03), but not in other areas Significantly related. [Conclusion] It is of great significance to reveal the relationship between forest fires and temperature and precipitation in our country for carrying out forest fire prevention and early warning of fires.