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【目的】探明醉马草内生菌的种类,筛选对农作物虫害有毒杀作用的菌株。【方法】采用研磨法从健康醉马草植物的根、茎、叶和种子中进行菌种分离;通过对其形态、培养特征、生理生化及其他生物学特性的研究;16SrDNA及ITS序列的系统发育学分析进行鉴定;用玻片浸渍法和喷雾法筛选产杀虫活性物质菌株。【结果】获得细菌89株,分别属于枯草芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、棒状杆菌属(Corynebacterium)、叶杆菌属(Phyllobacterium)、鞘脂单胞菌属(Sphingomonnas)、类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)8个属;真菌2株,分别属于麦角菌属(Claviceps)和毛壳菌属(Chaetomium)。经初筛及复筛,内生菌娄彻氏链霉菌Streptomyces rochei(GA)和黑麦麦角菌Claviceps purpurea(PF-2)发酵液粗提物对棉蚜虫(Aphis gossypii)致死率达85%以上。【结论】醉马草内生菌株PF-2和GA的粗提代谢物对棉蚜虫有明显的毒杀作用,为开发新的生物源农药提供了生物源物质。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to identify the species of endophytic fungi and to screen for strains that are toxic to crop pests. 【Method】 The method of grinding was used to isolate the species from the roots, stems, leaves and seeds of Z. drunken plants. The morphological, cultural characteristics, physiological and biochemical characteristics and other biological characteristics of 16S rDNA and ITS sequences Developmental analysis to identify; glass slide dipping method and spray screening insecticidal active substance strains. 【Result】 89 strains of bacteria were obtained, belonging to the genus Bacillus, Streptomyces, Corynebacterium, Phyllobacterium, Sphingomonas, 8 genera of Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter; 2 fungi belonging to Claviceps and Chaetomium, respectively. After primary screening and re-screening, the mortality of Aphis gossypii by endophytic bacteria Streptomyces rochei (GA) and Claviceps purpurea (PF-2) fermentation broth was over 85% . 【Conclusion】 Crude metabolites of P. drubberi endophytic strains PF-2 and GA have obvious toxic effects on cotton aphids, which provide bio-source materials for the development of new bio-pesticides.