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背根神经节是机体内、外环境与脊髓联结的纽带,也是痛觉传入的第一级神经元,在感觉传递途径中起着重要的作用。外周神经损伤可导致背根神经节神经元减少、神经元之间的连接出现紊乱,造成感觉传导异常,引起神经病理性疼痛;NGF、BDNF、NT-3等因子在与痛觉相关的背根节小型神经元上表达增加。电压门控钠离子通道在疼痛产生的机制中也起到了举足轻重的作用。本文对背根神经节的形态结构特点、体外培养以及与神经病理性疼痛发生的关系予以综述。
The dorsal root ganglion (DRG) is the link between the spinal cord and the internal environment of the body. It is also the first neuron of pain sensation and plays an important role in the sensory transmission. Peripheral nerve injury can lead to reduced dorsal root ganglion neurons, neuronal connections between the disorder, resulting in sensory conduction abnormalities, causing neuropathic pain; NGF, BDNF, NT-3 and other factors in pain associated dorsal root ganglia Increased expression on neurons. Voltage-gated sodium channels also play a pivotal role in the mechanism of pain production. In this paper, the morphological characteristics of dorsal root ganglion, in vitro culture and the relationship with neuropathic pain were reviewed.