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目的:了解湖北省部分地区中老年人群中健康危险因素的状况,为预防各种慢性非传染性疾病的发生提供科学依据。方法:采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,对湖北省12县(市)、区2811位年龄≥35岁居民的行为进行调查。结果:中老年居民吸烟率28.5%,饮酒率30.8%。随着吸烟人群吸烟量的增加,饮酒的可能性也增加。29.5%的居民每晚睡眠时间在8h以上,24.1%的居民每晚睡眠时间少于6h。57.9%的居民经常出现睡眠困难情况,而且女性高于男性。0.1%的居民同时喜欢食用动物油、甜食、咸食,并经常食用油炸食品、酱菜和盐腌食品。35.4%的居民经常参加体育锻炼。超重患病率30.0%,肥胖患病率3.5%。综合健康行为分析表明:同时具有3种以上健康行为的居民占55.41%,而同时具有5种健康行为的居民仅占0.15%。结论:湖北省部分地区中老年居民的各项卫生行为状况不够合理,应加强中老年居民健康卫生行为的宣传,以增进健康,提高生命质量。
Objective: To understand the status of health risk factors among middle-aged and elderly people in some areas of Hubei Province and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention of various chronic non-communicable diseases. Methods: The multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the behaviors of 2811 residents aged 28 years or older in 12 counties (cities) and districts in Hubei Province. Results: The smoking rate of middle-aged and elderly residents was 28.5%, and the drinking rate was 30.8%. As the smoking population increases, the possibility of drinking increases. 29.5% of the residents sleep more than 8 hours per night, and 24.1% of residents sleep less than 6 hours per night. 57.9% of residents often suffer from sleep difficulties, and women are higher than men. 0.1% of the residents also like to eat animal oil, sweets, salty food, and often eat fried foods, pickles and salted foods. 35.4% of residents often participate in physical exercise. The prevalence of overweight is 30.0%, and the prevalence of obesity is 3.5%. The analysis of comprehensive health behaviors shows that 55.41% of residents have more than 3 types of health behaviors at the same time, and only 0.15% of them have 5 types of health behaviors at the same time. Conclusion: The health behaviors of middle-aged and elderly residents in some areas of Hubei Province are not reasonable enough. The propaganda of health behavior among middle-aged and elderly residents should be strengthened to promote health and improve the quality of life.