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采用喷砂技术对304不锈钢板表面进行处理,并对喷砂处理后的试样进行热处理和低温固体粉末包埋渗铝处理,分析讨论了喷砂助低温渗铝的最佳工艺参数。结果表明:表面经喷砂处理后,试样表层形成厚约250μm的变形区,同时表面发生了马氏体相变,硬度明显提高。喷砂试样经400~600℃热处理后,变形层组织仍为马氏体相,硬度有所下降,变形层具有热稳定性。表面喷砂处理可以降低渗铝温度,提高渗铝速度。最佳渗铝工艺为经过优化喷砂工艺处理后在530℃渗铝3 h随炉冷却,试样表面可形成约50μm的渗层,渗层主要由金属间化合物FeAl_2构成,表面硬度可达640 HV0.2。
The surface of 304 stainless steel was treated by sandblasting. The sandblasted samples were heat-treated and embedded with low-temperature solid powder. The best technological parameters of sandblasting for low-temperature aluminizing were analyzed and discussed. The results show that after the surface is sandblasted, the deformation zone with a thickness of about 250μm is formed on the surface of the specimen, and the martensite transformation occurs on the surface, and the hardness increases obviously. After the blasting sample was heat-treated at 400-600 ℃, the deformation layer was still martensite phase, the hardness decreased, and the deformation layer had thermal stability. Surface blasting can reduce the aluminizing temperature, increase aluminizing speed. The optimal aluminizing process is aluminized with 530 ℃ for 3h after optimized blasting process and cooled with the furnace. The surface of the sample can be formed with a layer of about 50μm. The diffusion layer is mainly composed of intermetallic compound FeAl_2 with the surface hardness up to 640 HV0.2.