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改革开放以来,我国产业结构的调整是比较优势因素变化引致比较优势行业变化的结果。比较优势因素的变化主要通过资本积累、技术创新和中间部门培育等途径影响产业结构调整。当前,我国产业结构调整仍面临着中间部门培育不足、本地市场规模限制、要素价格扭曲、关键技术缺失、贸易成本偏高等因素的制约。我国要实现从传统比较优势造就的劳动密集型制造业的分工锁定中跨越出来,关键在于在新一轮产业结构调整过程中,大力培育中间部门,促进资本和技术要素集聚,塑造动态比较优势,实现产业结构的优化升级。
Since the reform and opening up, the readjustment of China’s industrial structure is the result of the changes in the comparative advantages leading to changes in the industries with comparative advantages. The changes in comparative advantage factors mainly affect industrial restructuring through capital accumulation, technological innovation and cultivation of middle departments. At present, the adjustment of China’s industrial structure is still confronted with the constraints of insufficient cultivation of the middle departments, restrictions on the size of the local market, distortion of factor prices, lack of key technologies and high trade costs. The crux of our country to realize the division of labor among the labor-intensive manufacturing industries created by the traditional comparative advantages lies in vigorously cultivating the middle departments in the process of the new round of industrial restructuring, promoting the accumulation of capital and technological elements and shaping a dynamic comparative advantage. Realize the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure.