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应用Hyper Xtrude有限元分析软件,考察了带长悬臂结构空心截面铝型材挤压时的焊合角α和焊合室深度h对其挤压成形质量的影响。结果表明:当α在15°~45°时,型材悬臂处及空心部位四周分流桥下金属的流动速率较大,开始焊合的时间早,焊合历程长;当α增加到60°时,相应区域金属的流动速率明显降低,焊合推迟;在α达到90°时,该情况最为严重,焊合历程变短。α为45°时,模芯最大偏移量达到最小值0.045 mm。随着h的增加,焊合面静水压力最小值与上模最大等效应力及模芯最大偏移量均逐渐增大。综合考虑各因素的影响,确定该型材挤压模具的最佳焊合角和焊合室深度分别为45°与20 mm,并将其用于挤压模具设计,试模发现模拟结果与试模结果吻合较好,挤出型材的综合质量较高。
Using Hyper Xtrude finite element analysis software, the influence of the welding angle α and the depth of welding chamber h on the extrusion quality was investigated when the aluminum profile with long cantilever structure was extruded. The results show that when the α is between 15 ° and 45 °, the flow rate of the metal under the shunt bridge around the cantilever and the hollow part of the profile is relatively large, and the welding time is long and the welding process is long. When α is increased to 60 °, The flow rate of metal in the corresponding region decreased obviously and the welding was postponed. When α reached 90 °, the situation was the most serious and the welding process became shorter. When the α is 45 °, the maximum displacement of the core reaches 0.045 mm. With the increase of h, the minimum value of hydrostatic pressure on the weld surface and the maximum equivalent stress of the upper die and the maximum displacement of the core gradually increase. Considering the influence of each factor, the optimum welding angle and depth of the welding chamber of the profile extrusion die were determined to be 45 ° and 20 mm, respectively, and used to design the extrusion die. The results of simulation and test The results are in good agreement, the overall quality of extruded profiles higher.