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乳腺癌的转移是一个较为复杂、由多基因参与及多步骤完成的过程,转移相关基因对转移的调控是肿瘤发生转移的分子基础。所谓转移相关基因是一类功能上能够促进或阻断肿瘤转移潜能而不影响肿瘤细胞生长增殖的基因,其总体可分为两大类:转移促进基因和转移抑制基因,它们涉及癌基因、抑癌基因、信号转导基因以及黏附分子基因、细胞因子基因、基质金属蛋白酶基因等。乳腺癌转移相关基因的作用机制及下游信号转导途径的阐明,将为转移性乳腺癌的分子诊断和个体化治疗奠定基础。
Breast cancer metastasis is a complex process involving multiple genes and multi-step process. The regulation of metastasis-related genes is the molecular basis of tumor metastasis. The so-called metastasis-related genes are a group of genes functionally capable of promoting or blocking the metastatic potential of tumors without affecting the growth and proliferation of tumor cells. The overall classification can be divided into two categories: metastasis promoting genes and metastasis suppressor genes, which are involved in oncogenes, Oncogenes, signal transduction genes and adhesion molecule genes, cytokine genes, matrix metalloproteinase genes. The mechanism of breast cancer metastasis-related genes and the elucidation of downstream signal transduction pathways will lay a foundation for the molecular diagnosis and individualized treatment of metastatic breast cancer.