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低血钠除可表现急性水中毒症状外,还可致神经系统永久性损害:中心性桥脑脱髓鞘(CPM)。低血钠所致脱髓鞘主要发生在桥脑中心部,亦可见脑干外病灶。主要病理所见为桥脑中央片状髓鞘脱失。此病以往多由死后尸解作出病理诊断,生前可根据其临床特点结合 CT、MRI 提示有脑干病灶作出临床诊断。最近 David D.A.报告一例具有典型病理改变的患者,生前却无 CT 及 MRI 异常,作者复习文献后认为在病程头1个月内,CT、MRI 常不能发现其脑干病灶。其临床特点是在低血钠时出现眼震、眼球运动障碍,面肌无力、球麻痹、四肢轻瘫等脑干症状。其预后不等。
Hypoglycemia in addition to the performance of acute water poisoning symptoms, but also can cause permanent damage to the nervous system: central pontine demyelination (CPM). Demyelination caused by hyponatremia occurs mainly in the central part of the pons and can also be seen outside the brain stem lesions. The main pathology seen as central pontine demyelination. In the past, the disease was mostly diagnosed pathologically by postmortem autopsies. Before her death, her brain lesions could be diagnosed according to its clinical characteristics in combination with CT and MRI. Recently David D.A. reported a case of typical pathological changes in patients without CT and MRI anomalies before the author review the literature that the first month of the course of disease, CT, MRI often can not find its brainstem lesions. The clinical features of nystagmus in the case of hyponatremia, eye movement disorders, facial weakness, paralysis of the ball, limbs paralysis and other brain stem symptoms. The prognosis varies.