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分别以苯、氯代苯和硝基苯为溶剂用 VPO法研究了辽河、孤岛、胜利和大庆减压渣油中沥青质在不同溶剂和不同温度下的分子缔合状况及渣油热转化过程中沥青质平均相对分子质量、缔合度的变化规律及其与生焦行为的内在关系。结果表明 ,在苯溶液中原生沥青质以 2～ 3个分子缔合 ,渣油热处理后的残渣油中的沥青质以3～ 6个分子缔合 ;沥青质缔合指数与渣油的热生焦趋势有一定的相关性 ;以硝基苯为溶剂所测得的沥青质平均相对分子质量更能反映沥青质化学结构的实质。
The molecular association of asphaltenes in different solvents and different temperatures in Liaohe, Gudao, Shengli and Daqing vacuum residuum and the thermal conversion process of residue were studied by using VPO method with benzene, chlorobenzene and nitrobenzene as solvent respectively. The average relative molecular mass of asphaltene, the changing rule of association degree and its intrinsic relationship with coke-making behavior. The results show that the asphaltene in the benzene solution is associated with 2-3 molecules and the asphaltene in the residual oil after the heat treatment of the residual oil is associated with 3-6 molecules. The association index of asphaltene and the heat generation of residual oil Coke tendency has a certain relevance; as measured by nitrobenzene asphaltene average relative molecular mass better reflect the essence of chemical structure of asphaltenes.