本文主要讨论有关“都掌蛮”两个方面的问题。第一 ,都掌人是生活在川南兴文县为中心的一个古民族群体。唐以前特别是晋时史籍中有关其活动的记载 ,至唐有初步发展。宋代是其发展的重要时期 ,古僚人、斗夷、罗笱夷及十九姓诸部共同组合成一个松散的联合体 ,至元已形成一个独立的民族。在元明两朝“都掌蛮”达到该民族的的鼎盛时期 ,其踪迹已遍及川南及川滇黔交界地。第二 ,对于都掌地区的管理历代封建统治者都比较重视 ,明以前一般均采取“以夷治夷”的羁縻之策。明朝统治者为加强集权政治的需要 ,不顾该地区虽然汉化程度较深 ,但汉族地主与都掌各部本来矛盾较大的历史事实 ,断然采取改土归流 ,其结果造成都掌蛮与朝廷积怨加重 ,都掌对明廷时叛时服 ,而明统治者则对之进行了残酷的军事镇压 ,致使万历之战后“都掌蛮”彻底消亡。同时 ,明廷经营西南的既定方略至此亦宣告失败 This article mainly discusses the two aspects of “all are”. First, all people are an ancient ethnic group living in Xingwen County in southern Sichuan. Before the Tang Dynasty, especially in the historical records of the Jin Dynasty, records of its activities, to the initial development of the Tang Dynasty. The Song Dynasty was an important period for its development. The ancient people, Dou Yi, Luo Yi Yi and nineteen surnames all formed a loose consortium, forming an independent nation. In the Yuan and Ming dynasties, both of them were “quite brutal” to reach its heyday of the nation, and its traces have spread to the junction of Sichuan, Yunnan, Yunnan and Guizhou. Second, the dynastic feudal rulers who govern the dynasties are more concerned with each other. Before the Ming dynasty, they generally adopted the strategy of “treating Yi as the barbarian”. In order to strengthen the need of totalitarian politics, the Ming rulers ignored the fact that even though the degree of localization was rather deep in the region, the historic fact that the Han people ’s landlords and their ministers were more contradictory and categorically adopted the policy of “ Increased grievances, both palm against the Ming court rebellious service, while the Ming rulers carried out a brutal military repression, resulting in Wanli’s post-war ”are completely barbaric" completely vanished. At the same time, the established strategy of operating the southwest of the Ming court also failed