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目的观察肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤病理学特点并与其它具有嗜酸性细胞浆的肾上皮性肿瘤鉴别。方法观察４例肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤，在光镜观察基础上，运用免疫组织化学检测Ｃｙｔｏｋｅｒａｔｉｎ及Ｖｉｍｅｎｔｉｎ，并行Ｈａｌｅ胶体铁染色及电镜检查，与形态上类似的肾肿瘤进行鉴别。结果肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的特点为：胞浆强嗜酸性，粗颗粒，腺泡状或实性片状排列，无坏死，无核分裂像或核分裂像罕见；Ｃｙｔｏｋｅｒａｔｉｎ８阳性，Ｖｉｍｅｎｔｉｎ阴性，Ｈａｌｅ胶体铁染色阴性，电镜下有多量粗大线粒体。据此，可与颗粒型肾细胞癌、混合型肾细胞癌及肾嫌色细胞癌鉴别。结论肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤是有病理特点的良性肾肿瘤，根据组织学改变，免疫组化、组化染色及电镜特点可与胞浆嗜酸性的肾癌鉴别，具有临床意义。
Objective To observe the pathological features of renal oncocytic adenoma and differentiate it from other epithelial neoplasms with eosinophilic cytoplasm. Methods Four cases of renal oncocytoma were observed. On the basis of light microscopy, Cytokeratin and Vimentin were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Hale colloid iron staining and electron microscopy were performed to identify renal tumor with morphology similar. Results Renal acidophilic adenoma was characterized by strong eosinophilic cytoplasm, coarse granules, acinar or solid flake arrangement with no necrosis, ameloblastoma or mitosis as rare as Cytokeratin8 positive, Vimentin negative, Hale colloidal iron Negative staining, electron microscopy, a large number of large mitochondria. Accordingly, with granular renal cell carcinoma, mixed renal cell carcinoma and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma identification. Conclusion Renal acidophilic adenoma is a benign renal tumor with histopathological features. It has clinical significance according to histological changes, immunohistochemistry, histochemical staining and electron microscopic features with cytosolic eosinophilic renal cell carcinoma.