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目的研究天津市百日咳家庭聚集性发病的传播特征,为完善百日咳防控措施提供依据。方法采用医院被动监测、社区症状主动监测相结合和以实验室为基础的病原学监测方法,以描述流行病学方法对百日咳聚集发病资料进行调查分析。结果百日咳家庭聚集性发病存在多种传播模式,其中以成年人→婴幼儿模式为主(67.19%),家庭罹患率平均为77.88%,最高达100%。父母亲是婴儿百日咳高发的主要传染源(78.44%),二代续发病例的发病间隔中位数为15 d。百日咳病例临床特征不典型,55%的病例无百日咳典型症状。结论百日咳家庭聚集感染率高,成人百日咳症状不典型,父母是婴幼儿百日咳的主要传染源。
Objective To study the transmission characteristics of pertussis familial aggregation in Tianjin and to provide evidences for the prevention and control of whooping cough. Methods Passive hospital surveillance, active community symptom monitoring and laboratory-based etiological monitoring methods were used to describe epidemiological methods to investigate the incidence of pertussis aggregation data. Results There was a variety of transmission modes of pertussis familial aggregation. Among them, adults and infants (67.19%) had an average prevalence rate of 77.88% and a maximum of 100%. Parents were the main source of infection of infant pertussis (78.44%). The median interval between the second and third consecutive cases was 15 days. The clinical characteristics of pertussis cases are not typical, 55% of the cases without typical symptoms of pertussis. Conclusion Pertussis family infection rate is high, the symptoms of adult whooping cough is not typical, parents are the main source of infection in infants with whooping cough.