小麦赤霉病是小麦生产中的重要病害之一,可造成小麦产量的损失和严重的毒素污染.关于小麦赤霉病菌产生的毒素,国内外已有大量研究.本文主要以脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)为主,对镰刀菌毒素的污染情况、在小麦赤霉病发生过程中的作用、生物合成、毒理学作用、检测方法及其分子生物学研究进展作一总结. Wheat scab is one of the most important diseases in wheat production, which can cause the loss of wheat yield and serious toxin pollution.With regard to the toxins produced by Gibberella zeae, a great deal of researches have been done at home and abroad.This paper mainly uses Fusarium oxysporum (DON), and summarized the pollution of Fusarium toxin, the role in the process of wheat scab, biosynthesis, toxicology, detection methods and molecular biology.