通过宣称“回归自然”是向上攀升到自然,而不是退回到自然,尼采构想出了一种以自爱为原则的道德自然主义。尼采认为自然是奢靡丰盈的,权力意志不仅是求权力、求利益的生存意志,更是求挥霍、求耗散的自然意志。尼采道德自然主义的核心是生命的进化与超越;而超人正是这种进化与超越的最终产物。超人体现了人的自私性与自然的无私性的结合。超人也是自私的,但是他的自私却要通过一种挥霍性的向外给予来实现。 By claiming that “Returning to Nature” climbed up to nature rather than back to nature, Nietzsche devised a moral naturalism based on self-love. Nietzsche believes that nature is extravagant and abundant, and the will to power is not only the will to survive but the interest, but also the natural will to squandered and dissipated. The core of Nietzsche’s moral naturalism is the evolution and transcendence of life; superman is the ultimate product of evolution and transcendence. Superman reflects the combination of human selfishness and natural selflessness. Superman is also selfish, but his selfishness is achieved through a humiliating outward grant.