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为支持乘员在轨驻留,载人航天器需通过空气环境控制系统将众多设计参数和空气环境参数控制在指标范围内。文章建立了一种载人航天器空气环境非定常控制仿真分析模型,包括舱体模块、航天员模块、舱压控制模块、温湿度控制模块以及CO2净化模块。利用该模型分析了载人航天器空气环境参数随乘员代谢水平的非定常变化趋势,并评估了控制系统的工作性能。结果表明:乘员代谢水平变化对空气环境参数有显著影响,通过调节控制系统运行参数可将各空气参数控制在有效指标范围内。人区温度与O2分压、CO2分压和人区湿度有密切的影响关系,不可孤立地进行分析。为载人航天器空气环境参数控制系统的设计和流程改进提供了依据。
In order to support the occupants to stay in orbit, the manned spacecraft needs to control numerous design parameters and air environmental parameters within the indicator range through the air environment control system. In this paper, a simulation model of unsteady airborne environment control of manned spacecraft is established, including module of cabin, module of astronaut, module of cabin pressure control, module of temperature and humidity control and CO2 purification module. The model was used to analyze the unsteady changing tendency of the air environment parameters of the manned spacecraft with the passenger metabolism and to evaluate the performance of the control system. The results showed that the change of occupant metabolism had a significant effect on the air environment parameters. By adjusting the operating parameters of the control system, the air parameters could be controlled within the range of effective indicators. Human zone temperature and partial pressure of O2, partial pressure of CO2 and humidity in the human area have a close relationship, can not be analyzed in isolation. It provided the basis for the design and process improvement of the manned spacecraft air environment parameter control system.