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作为人们休闲生活的重要场所,电影厅内人员集中、内部装修和装饰使用大量易燃材料、电器设备线路复杂,存在不少安全隐患。电影厅火灾对人民群众的生命财产安全构成了重大威胁,本文借助FDS火灾模拟软件,建立了有无机械排烟、有无水喷淋装置共4种工况的模型,对淮南某电影厅火灾时的烟气运移规律和温度变化情况进行了模拟。分析模拟结果可知,机械排烟设施对火灾烟气控制有一定的效果,水喷淋装置对抑制火灾与烟气的蔓延效果更为显著,机械排烟设施与水喷淋装置共同作用可有效抑制烟气的扩散及温度的升高,延长逃生时间。同时,理论计算可知火灾发生时所需要的安全疏散时间为151.4 s。最后,在上述分析的基础上,提出了有效的防火设计方案,为此类公共场所的消防管理决策提供有力依据。
As an important place for people’s leisure life, there are a lot of potential safety hazards due to the concentration of personnel in the movie hall, the large amount of flammable materials used for interior decoration and decoration, and the complicated electrical equipment lines. The fire in cinema hall posed a significant threat to people’s life and property safety. In this paper, with FDS fire simulation software, a model of four kinds of working conditions, including mechanical exhaust and waterless sprinkler, was set up. When the flue gas migration rules and temperature changes were simulated. Analysis of the simulation results shows that the mechanical ventilation facilities have a certain effect on the control of fire flue gas. The effect of water sprinkler on the suppression of the spread of fire and fumes is more significant. The mechanical exhaust ventilation facilities and water sprinkler can effectively suppress Flue gas diffusion and temperature rise, to extend the escape time. In the meantime, the theoretical calculation shows that the safe evacuation time required for a fire occurs is 151.4 s. Finally, on the basis of the above analysis, put forward an effective fire protection design, providing a strong basis for the fire management decision-making of such public places.