论文部分内容阅读
迁徙自由并未作为一项基本权利规定在美国宪法的文本中。美国早期对迁徙自由的保护主要是利用贸易条款来排除地方政府对人口流动的限制。此后,最高法院一方面通过对正当程序条款的解释正面确立了迁徙自由,另一方面又利用平等保护条款禁止选举和福利等领域对迁徙自由的间接限制。本文主要通过宪法判例来了解迁徙自由在美国宪政史上的发展过程。
Freedom of movement is not regulated as a fundamental right in the text of the United States Constitution. The early protection of freedom of movement in the United States mainly used the terms of trade to exclude local government restrictions on population mobility. Since then, the Supreme Court has, on the one hand, positively established the freedom of movement through the interpretation of due process provisions and, on the other, has used the equal protection clause to prohibit indirect restrictions on freedom of movement in areas such as elections and welfare. This article mainly through the constitutional precedent to understand the freedom of movement in the history of the development of constitutional history in the United States.