OBJECTIVE To analyze clinical characteristics and treatment methods of the patients with adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix (AUC) and adenosquamous carcinoma of the cervix (ASCC). To compare the survival time of the patients in 2 groups and analyze the prognostic factors.METHODS Clinical data of both 123 patients with AUC and 32 patients with ASCC treated at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS The median age of the AUC patients was 50 years, and that of the ASCC patients was 44, P = 0.019. Poorly-differentiated (grade 3) cases accounted for 59.5% of the total ASCC patients,while only 32.5% of the AUC patients were in grade 3, P = 0.002.In 123 AUC patients, relapse or failure of the treatment occurred in 63 of the patients (51.2%), and the median relapse time was 6 months (0-59 months). In 32 ASCC patients, relapse or failure of the treatment occurred in 8 of these patients (51.2%), with a median relapse time of 4.5 months (0-52 months). The overall 5-year survival rate of the AUC patients was 49.8%, which was significantly lower than that of the ASCC patients (74.1%), P =0.015. The 5-year survival rates of the ASCC patients in Stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ were higher than that of the AUC patients with the same stages.However, statistical significant difference could only be found among the patients in Stage Ⅱ, P = 0.006. The 5-year survival rates of the ASCC patients with various differential grade were higher than those of the AUC patients with the same differential grade,but statistical significant difference could only be found among the patients in the two groups with moderately differentiation,P = 0.039. It was found by Cox regression analysis that only clinical stage (P < 0.001) and histological type (P = 0.046) were the independent prognostic factors.CONCLUSION Clinical stage and histological type were the independent prognostic factors of the AUC and ASCC patients.The prognosis of ASCC patients is better than that of the AUC patients.