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目的观察儿童门诊下肢手术中运用低浓度罗哌卡因骶管阻滞麻醉的效果、不良反应、离院时间和术后疼痛情况。方法择期门诊手术患儿30例,随机分为两组,1组为0.2%罗比卡因组,2组为丙泊酚-氯胺酮全静脉麻醉组。观察麻醉效果、局麻药毒性反应及术后常见并发症、术后镇痛效果、离院时间。结果两组病人在术中镇痛效果全部达到满意,不良反应发生率均低,但两组病人离院时间、术后疼痛情况及术后恶心呕吐比较差异有统计学意义。结论罗哌卡因单次骶管阻滞具有操作简单、能满足手术需要、对呼吸与循环影响小、麻醉管理较容易、并发症少、离院时间短,有较好的术后镇痛作用等优点,是儿童门诊下肢手术较理想的麻醉方法。
Objective To observe the effect, adverse reaction, time of leaving hospital and postoperative pain of low-dose ropivacaine caudal block anesthesia in children’s out-patient lower extremity surgery. Methods Thirty children with elective outpatient surgeries were randomly divided into two groups. One group was 0.2% ropivacaine group and the other two groups were propofol-ketamine intravenous anesthesia group. Observed anesthesia, local anesthetic toxicity and postoperative complications, postoperative analgesia, leave time. Results The analgesic effects of the two groups of patients were all satisfied and the incidence of adverse reactions was low. There was significant difference between the two groups in the time of hospitalization, the postoperative pain and postoperative nausea and vomiting. Conclusions The single caudal block of ropivacaine has the advantages of simple operation, satisfactory surgical requirements, less impact on respiration and circulation, easier anesthesia management, fewer complications, shorter hospital stay and better postoperative analgesia And other advantages, lower extremity surgery in children is the ideal method of anesthesia.