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采用DRM范式,通过对预警、呈现时间以及再认时间压力的同时操纵,深入探索错误记忆的产生机制。实验结果发现:(1)编码阶段的预警提示可使再认判断的标准趋于严格,从而降低错误记忆效应;(2)提取阶段的再认时间压力可显著降低被试对关键诱饵与学过项目的区分能力,进而提高错误记忆效应;(3)预警提示在无时间压力时要比有时间压力时更有效降低错误再认。该结果证实在记忆信息的提取阶段存在双加工过程,激活与监测的双加工在错误记忆产生过程中存在对抗式的交互作用。当监测过程在编码和提取两个阶段均受到易化时,策略性的控制过程最有效;当监测过程受阻时,将导致激活的效应更明显。
Using DRM paradigm, through the early warning, presentation time and recognition of the time pressure at the same time manipulation, in-depth exploration of the mechanism of error memory. The experimental results show that: (1) The early-warning cues in coding stage tend to make the criteria of re-recognition judgment more stringent, thus reducing the false memory effect; (2) Recognition time pressure in the extraction phase can significantly reduce the subjects’ Project’s ability to distinguish, and thus improve the error memory effect; (3) warning prompts in the absence of time pressure than when there is time pressure more effectively reduce the error recognition. This result confirms that there exists a dual process in the extraction stage of memory information, and the dual process of activation and monitoring has a confrontational interaction in the process of error memory generation. When the monitoring process is facilitated in both coding and extraction stages, the strategic control process is most effective; when the monitoring process is blocked, the effect of activation will be more pronounced.