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目的 了解不同时期、不同性别及年龄的急性心肌梗死 (AMI)患者的特点。方法 根据本院近 11年来收集的 30 16例AMI患者的资料 ,按不同时期、不同性别及年龄分组 ,用 χ2 检验和u检验进行多侧面分析比较。结果 (1)近 11年来收治的AMI病例数大体呈逐年升高的趋势 ,AMI患者的总体住院天数及住院病死率有显著下降 ,但老年AMI患者人数构成比增加 ,特别患AMI再住院的老年患者人数构成比显著增加 ,同时住院费用也急剧增加。 (2 )性别比较发现 ,90年代后期患AMI第一次住院的青年男性患者及老年女性患者有明显增多趋势。 (3)住院病死率分析发现 ,90年代后期AMI住院病死率的下降主要体现在老年男性患者住院病死率的下降 ,而中青年男性患者及女性住院病死率无明显下降。 (4)死因分析 ,男女总死因的前三位均为心力衰竭 ,心源性休克以及心力衰竭并休克。男性≤ 6 0岁组心源性休克明显占较高比例。 (5 )比较男女部分特点发现 ,未经年龄校正前女性的住院病死率明显高于男性 ,经年龄校正后差异变得不显著。女性比男性更少接受冠脉造影和 或PTCA术 ,再住院率较高。结论 AMI患者近 11年来呈逐年升高的趋势 ,住院病死率明显下降 ,男性发病年轻化
Objective To understand the characteristics of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in different periods, different genders and ages. Methods According to the data of 30 16 AMI patients collected in our hospital in the past 11 years, the patients were divided into groups according to different periods, different genders and ages, and compared by χ2 test and u test. Results (1) The incidence of AMI in the past 11 years generally increased year by year. The total days of hospitalization and in-hospital mortality of AMI patients decreased significantly. However, the proportion of elderly patients with AMI increased proportionally, especially in elderly patients with AMI re-hospitalization The number of patients significantly increased the composition, while hospital costs also increased dramatically. (2) The gender comparison found that there was a clear trend of increase in the first male hospitalized patients with AMI and the elderly female patients in the late 1990s. (3) In-hospital mortality analysis found that the decrease of inpatient mortality rate of AMI in the late 90s was mainly reflected in the decrease of in-hospital mortality rate in elderly men, but there was no significant reduction in in-hospital mortality rate among young and middle-aged men and women. (4) The cause of death analysis, the top three men and women of all causes of death were heart failure, cardiogenic shock and heart failure and shock. Cardiogenic shock in men ≤ 60 years of age clearly accounts for a high proportion. (5) Comparison of the characteristics of men and women found that before age correction, women’s in-hospital mortality was significantly higher than that of men, after age correction, the difference became insignificant. Fewer women underwent coronary angiography and / or PTCA than men, with a higher rehospitalization rate. Conclusion AMI patients showed a trend of increasing year by year in the past 11 years, the in-hospital mortality decreased significantly, and the incidence of young men