用６个莜麦品种（系）为材料，对其籽粒灌浆特性和产量结构进行了分析。结果在明：１．莜麦产量结构表现多样性，单株穗数时单株籽粒产量贡献大于穗粒数和粒重，多穗型结构的品种产量较高。２．灌浆高峰期在开花后１４～２８天，在开花后３５天粒重最高，籽粒体积和灌浆持续期对粒重的影响大于平均灌浆速度。３．植株上部器官最大干物质积累的时间序列是倒二叶→旗叶→穗下节间→颖壳→籽粒。各营养器官同化物向籽粒的运转率大小次序为：穗下节间＞倒二叶＞旗叶＞颖壳，而同化物的移动率则以倒二叶和旗叶为高。４．旗叶光合面积、叶绿素含量和光合强度增加可提高穗粒重。旗叶面积与籽位大小呈正相关，但大叶型品种的结实率较低。 Six oat varieties (lines) were used as materials to analyze their grain filling characteristics and yield structure. The result is clear: 1. The yield structure of barley showed diversity. When the number of spikes per plant, the single grain yield contributed more than the number of grains per spike and grain weight, and the yield of multiple panicle type was higher. 2. Grain filling peaked 14 ~ 28 days after flowering, and grain weight was the highest at 35 days after flowering. The effect of grain volume and grain filling duration on grain weight was greater than average grain filling rate. 3. The time series of the largest dry matter accumulation in the upper part of the plant is from the second leaf → the flag leaf → the next under the ear → the glume shell → the grain. The order of the rate of assimilation of vegetative organs to grain was as follows: internode> spikelet> flag leaf> glume shell, while the assimilate mobility was in the second leaf and the flag leaf. 4. Flag leaf photosynthetic area, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic intensity can increase ear grain weight. There was a positive correlation between the flag leaf area and the seed size, but the seed setting rate of the big leaf type was lower.