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目的了解沈阳市各类食品中单核增生李斯特菌污染情况及其变化趋势,为食品安全风险评估及预警提供依据。方法依据2012-2014年《国家食源性致病菌监测工作手册》要求,随机抽取6类、509份样品进行单核增生李斯特菌的监测。结果在监测的509份样品中,检出单核增生李斯特菌菌株26株、总检出率为5.1%;其中肉及肉制品类食品致病菌检出率最高为11.5%(χ2=16.72,P<0.01)、在不同季度中以第一、二季度的检出率较高分别为9.6%和9.4%(χ2=18.46,P<0.01)、采自农贸市场食品致病菌检出率最高为13.8%(χ2=17.79,P<0.01)。而不同包装类型食品中LM检出率差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.98,P>0.05)。结论沈阳市市售的食品存在单核增生李斯特菌的污染,冬春季是致病菌污染的高发季节;肉及肉制品是高风险食品;农贸市场出售的食品致病菌污染较重。应加强对重点时段、重点食品、重点食品消费场所及相关疾病的监测、监管,以防控食源性疾病的发生。
Objective To understand the situation of Listeria monocytogenes contamination in various kinds of food in Shenyang City and its changing trend, and provide the basis for food safety risk assessment and early warning. Methods Based on the requirements of the 2012-2014 National Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria Monitoring Manual, 6 types and 509 samples were randomly selected for Listeria monocytogenes monitoring. Results Among the 509 samples monitored, 26 strains of Listeria monocytogenes were detected with a total detection rate of 5.1%. The highest detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in meat and meat products was 11.5% (χ2 = 16.72 , P <0.01). The detection rates of the first and second quarters in different quarters were 9.6% and 9.4% respectively (χ2 = 18.46, P <0.01). The detection rate of foodborne pathogens The highest was 13.8% (χ2 = 17.79, P <0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the detection rate of LM among different types of food (χ2 = 2.98, P> 0.05). Conclusion The contamination of Listeria monocytogenes exists in the foodstuffs sold in Shenyang. The winter and spring are the high season of pathogen contamination. Meat and meat products are high risk foodstuffs. We should step up the monitoring and supervision over key time periods, key foodstuffs, key food consuming places and related diseases so as to prevent and control the occurrence of foodborne diseases.