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[目的]了解资兴市麻疹流行病学特征,探讨麻疹控制对策,为制定消除麻疹策略提供科学依据。[方法]对2006～2009年麻疹发病情况应用描述流行病学方法进行分析。[结果]资兴市2006～2009年共报告麻疹病例248例,年平均报告发病率为16.78/10万,各年发病率分别为17.59/10万、1.08/10万、5.69/10万、42.75/10万,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。发病人群主要是6岁以下儿童,占病例总数的83.06%(206/248)。其中≤8月龄的婴儿占病例总数的16.53%(41/248);病例主要集中在流动人口较多的新区、东江、鲤鱼江等地区,占全市发病人数的62.90%(156/248);1～5月为高发季节,占总发病率的82.26%(204/248);8个月以上病例无免疫史或免疫史不详占85.02%。[结论]资兴市近年麻疹发病呈上升趋势。为降低麻疹发病率,特别是降低小月龄麻疹发病,减少麻疹暴发,除应对全市8个月龄至6岁儿童开展初始强化免疫外,建议对8个月龄以下婴儿实行初免以提高其保护率。
[Objective] To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Zixing, explore measles control measures and provide a scientific basis for formulating measles elimination strategies. [Method] The epidemiology of measles in 2006-2009 was analyzed. [Results] A total of 248 cases of measles were reported in Zixing from 2006 to 2009, with an average annual incidence of 16.78 / 100 000. The annual incidence rates were 17.59 / 100 000, 1.08 / 100 000, 5.69 / 100 000 and 42.75 / 100000, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The majority of the patients were children under 6 years of age, accounting for 83.06% (206/248) of the total number of cases. Among them, infants less than 8 months of age accounted for 16.53% (41/248) of the total number of cases; the cases mainly concentrated in the New District, Dongjiang River and Liyu River with more floating population, accounting for 62.90% (156/248) of the total incidence of the city; From January to May was the high incidence season, accounting for 82.26% (204/248) of the total incidence; no immunization history or history of immunization was 85.02% for patients over 8 months. [Conclusion] The incidence of measles in Zixing City is on the rise. In order to reduce the incidence of measles, in particular to reduce the incidence of measles at small age and to reduce the outbreak of measles, in addition to the initial strengthening of the city’s 8-month-old children to 6-year-old immunization, the proposed 8-month-old infants initial immunization to improve its Protection rate.