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恶性肿瘤是基因与环境交互作用的一类复杂性疾病,病因及发病机制尚不完全清楚。但是,在相同的环境条件下,有的人患癌,有的人却不患癌症,提示个体的遗传因素在肿瘤发生发展中起重要作用。什么是大多数常见肿瘤的遗传易感因素?如果能找到这些因素,是否能用来预防肿瘤或指导个体化治疗?带着这些疑问,记者采访了中国医学科学院肿瘤研究所林东昕教授,请他介绍了遗传因素对于肿瘤预防和治疗方面的重要影响。
Malignant tumors are a type of complex disease in which genes interact with the environment. The etiology and pathogenesis are still not fully understood. However, under the same environmental conditions, some people have cancer, and some people do not have cancer, suggesting that individual genetic factors play an important role in tumor development. What are the genetic susceptibility factors of most common tumors? If these factors can be found, can they be used to prevent tumors or guide individualized treatment? With these questions, the reporter interviewed Professor Lin Dongyi of the Cancer Institute of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and asked him to introduce them. Genetic factors have important implications for tumor prevention and treatment.