急性排斥反应可以导致移植物的急性或慢性失功能 ,是实体器官移植的主要障碍。在移植早期 ,趋化因子招募白细胞和树突状细胞向移植物迁移。随后 ,受体通过接触依赖性的T细胞细胞毒性 ,Th1或Th2细胞因子活化粒细胞及补体反应 ,异体反应性抗体等途径启动排斥反应 ,最终导致移植物损伤。本文就以上几个途径的研究进展作一综述。 Acute rejection can lead to acute or chronic graft loss and is a major obstacle to solid organ transplantation. In the early stages of transplantation, chemokines recruit leukocytes and dendritic cells to migrate into the graft. Subsequently, the receptor activates rejection through contact-dependent cytotoxicity of T cells, activation of granulocytes and complement by Th1 or Th2 cytokines, alloreactive antibodies, etc., eventually leading to graft injury. This article reviews the progress of the above approaches.