伤寒是一常见急性消化道传染病,并发症多种多样,但小儿伤寒肾炎却少见报道。病历摘要患儿,女性,9岁,以持续高热、咳嗽六天入院,发热以下午及夜间为甚,伴中、上腹痛,不放射,无畏寒及大汗,同时伴神萎、乏力、纳差及黄色稀便,每日2～3次,小便少,无肉眼血尿。既往无肾脏病史。体检:体温37.4℃,呼吸26次/分,脉搏86次/分,血压80/74mmHg,表情淡漠,神志清,皮肤、巩膜无黄染,无皮疹及皮下出血,浅表淋巴结不肿大,口唇干裂,舌苔厚腻,舌尖及舌缘无苔而质红,心肺无殊,两肺有干湿罗音,腹平软,无触压痛,肝可及,质中等无压痛,脾未及,肾区无叩痛,两下肢轻度非凹陷性水肿。血红蛋白9.4g Typhoid fever is a common acute gastrointestinal infectious disease, a variety of complications, but infantile typhoid nephritis is rare. Medical record Summary Children, women, aged 9, with sustained high fever, cough six days admitted to the hospital, fever in the afternoon and evening even worse, with the upper abdominal pain, no radiation, no chills and sweating, accompanied by Shen Wei, fatigue, satisfied Poor and yellow loose stool, 2 to 3 times a day, less urine, no gross hematuria. No previous history of kidney disease. Physical examination: body temperature 37.4 ℃, breathing 26 beats / min, pulse 86 beats / min, blood pressure 80 / 74mmHg, expression indifference, clear consciousness, skin, sclera no yellow dye, no rash and subcutaneous hemorrhage, superficial lymph nodes not swollen, Chapped, thick and greasy tongue, tongue and tongue edge without moss and red, no cardiopulmonary heart and lungs, both lungs have wet and dry rales, abdominal soft, no tender and tender, liver and medium quality tenderness, spleen and kidney No percussion zone, two lower limbs mild non-invasive edema. Hemoglobin 9.4g