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目的了解深圳市福田区诺如病毒的感染情况,为制定预防诺如病毒感染的策略提供依据。方法采用实时荧光定量PCR对2012年-2014年深圳市福田区1 744例疑似腹泻患者粪便标本进行诺如病毒的核酸检测。结果 2012年-2014年福田区诺如病毒的总阳性率为20.87%,2012年阳性率高于2013年、2014年,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同性别阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。夏季的阳性率最高,达26.65%,春季次之(24.53%),秋季、冬季的检出率则相对较低。除3岁~4岁年龄组患者的阳性率达40.00%外,其他年龄组患者的阳性率为16.67%~21.43%。结论诺如病毒是福田区病毒性腹泻的主要病原,各年度的感染率起伏较大。夏季是诺如病毒感染的高峰,应加强对诺如病毒腹泻的监测。
Objective To understand the infection status of Norovirus in Futian District, Shenzhen, and to provide evidence for the strategy of preventing Norovirus infection. Methods Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the nucleic acid of norovirus in 1 744 stool specimens of patients with suspected diarrhea in Futian District of Shenzhen City during 2012-2014. Results The total positive rate of Norovirus in Futian District from 2012 to 2014 was 20.87%. The positive rate in 2012 was higher than that in 2013 and 2014 (P <0.05). The positive rate of different gender was no significant difference (P> 0.05). The highest positive rate was in summer (26.65%), followed by spring (24.53%), while in autumn and winter, the positive rate was relatively low. The positive rates of patients in other age groups ranged from 16.67% to 21.43% except for the patients aged 3 to 4 years with a prevalence rate of 40.00%. Conclusions Norovirus is the main pathogen of viral diarrhea in Futian District, and the infection rate fluctuates greatly in each year. Summer is the peak of Norovirus infection, and monitoring of Norovirus diarrhea should be strengthened.